NAME: الجاثية, Al-Jathiya.
Name taken from Verse 28 where there is a mention of the word “Jathiya”.
٢٨ وَتَرَىٰ كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً ۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تُدْعَىٰ إِلَىٰ كِتَابِهَا الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
28 And you will see every nation kneeling [from fear]. Every nation will be called to its record [and told], “Today you will be recompensed for what you used to do.
But It does not mean that this name is the actual topic discussed in the whole Surah. It is just a reference and mark/symbol to distinguish this Surah from others as is with most other Surahs of Quran. While there are diversified topics discussed in these Surahs.
ENGLISH NAME: Kneeling.
CHAPTER NUMBER: 45
SURAH JATHIYAH TOTAL VERSES: 37
SURAH JATHIYAH TOTAL WORDS: 488
TOTAL UNIQUE WORDS WITHOUT REPETITION: 314
TOTAL LETTERS: 2,085
REVELATION PERIOD:
Meccan, Approx. 614 – 617 AD).
MAIN CHARACTERS:
God, Mankind, Israelites, Wrongdoers, Righteous, All Nations of The World.
SURAH JATHIYAH MAIN TOPICS:
God’s Signs Everywhere, All That In Universe Is At Mankind’s Service, Israelites Made Sects In Their Religion After Knowledge Had come, Last Day: Every Nation Crouching/ Kneeling.
SURAH JATHIYAH KEY VERSES:
١٣ وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مِنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ
13 And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth – all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.
٢٣ أَفَرَأَيْتَ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ إِلَٰهَهُ هَوَاهُ وَأَضَلَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ وَخَتَمَ عَلَىٰ سَمْعِهِ وَقَلْبِهِ وَجَعَلَ عَلَىٰ بَصَرِهِ غِشَاوَةً فَمَنْ يَهْدِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ اللَّهِ ۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ
23 Have you seen he who has taken as his god his [own] desire, and Allah has sent him astray due to knowledge and has set a seal upon his hearing and his heart and put over his vision a veil? So who will guide him after Allah? Then will you not be reminded?
٢٤ وَقَالُوا مَا هِيَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا الدُّنْيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحْيَا وَمَا يُهْلِكُنَا إِلَّا الدَّهْرُ ۚ وَمَا لَهُمْ بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ
24 And they say, “There is not but our worldly life; we die and live, and nothing destroys us except time.” And they have of that no knowledge; they are only assuming.
SUMMARY OF TOPICS
1-5(God’s Signs/Portents Everywhere: In Heavens Earth, In Your Creation, In Other Creatures, Night Day, In Rain And Winds), 6-11(Woe To Every Sinful Liar, Before Them Is Hell), 12-13(All That In Universe Is At Mankind’s Service And Is Subjected To Us), 14-15(Forgive Those Who Do not Believe In Days Of God, Evil Good Deeds All For Your Own self), 16-17(Israelites Made Sects In Their Religion After Knowledge Had Come), 21(God Will Not Make Wrongdoers And Righteous Equal), 23( Have You Seen The One Who Worship His Own Desire And Despite Knowledge, Is Astray), 24-25(They Say There Is Nothing But The Life Of This World, Only Time Kills Us, Their Only Plea Is Bring Our Dead Fathers Back If You Are Truthful), 28-29(Last Day: Every Nation Crouching/ Kneeling, All Record Will Be Placed, Judgement Will Be Made).
SURAH JATHIYAH BRIEF COMMENTARY & BACK GROUND:
This Surah has 37 verses divided into 4 Rukus/Sections. Name of the Surah comes from the word “جَاثِيَةً” in verse 28, which means Kneeling. As discussed in previous Surahs summary this Surah is the sixth one of the series of seven surahs that starts with the word “حم” These are Surah Ghafir, Fussilat, Shura, Zukhuruf, Dukhan, Jathiyah and Ahqaf. The letters “حم” are called Mystery Abbreviated Letters OR Hurrof Al Muqattat. A brief introduction of which is already given in Quran Statistics & Facts.
This Surah revealed in Mecca almost the same time as of Surah Ghafir, Fussilat, Shura, Zukhuruf and Surah Dukhan around 4th to 7th year of Prophethood. The Surah admonish and warn those who reject the Divine truth. It speaks about human arrogance and that the judgment of God will cover all the people. And that time the nations will stand before God in the kneeling position. This Surah answers the doubts of the disbelievers of Mecca about Tauhid and the Hereafter. It admonishes them and logically speaks that the doubt on hereafter is logically against justice and reason that the good and the bad, the righteous and the wrongdoers should be made equal and admonish them for their attitude that they had chosen against the invitation of Prophet.
The Prophet of God PBUH said: Whoever recites Surah Jathiya, God would keep his faults concealed and give him tranquility while knees would be trembling at the time of accounting.
