NAME: المطففين, Al-Mutaffifeen.
Name taken from Verse 1 where there is a mention of the word ”Mutaffifeen”.
١ وَيْلٌ لِلْمُطَفِّفِينَ
1 Woe to those who give less [than due],
But It does not mean that this name is the actual topic discussed in the whole Surah. It is just a reference and mark/symbol to distinguish this Surah from others as is with most other Surahs of Quran. While there are diversified topics discussed in these Surahs.
ENGLISH NAME: The Defrauders.
CHAPTER NUMBER: 83
SURAH MUTAFFIFIN TOTAL VERSES: 36
SURAH MUTAFFIFIN TOTAL WORDS: 169
TOTAL UNIQUE WORDS WITHOUT REPETITION: 118
TOTAL LETTERS: 750
REVELATION PERIOD:
Meccan, Approx. 613 – 616 AD.
MAIN CHARACTERS:
God, Defrauders, Wrongdoers, Righteous, Sijjin, Illiyin, Musk & Tasneem.
SURAH MUTAFFIFIN MAIN TOPICS:
Woe To Defrauders, Mention of Two Recording Registers Sijjin And Illiyin, Description Of Paradise.
SURAH MUTAFFIFIN KEY VERSES:
٧ كَلَّا إِنَّ كِتَابَ الْفُجَّارِ لَفِي سِجِّينٍ
7 No! Indeed, the record of the wicked is in sijjeen.
٨ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا سِجِّينٌ
8 And what can make you know what is sijjeen?
٩ كِتَابٌ مَرْقُومٌ
9 It is [their destination recorded in] a register inscribed.
١٨ كَلَّا إِنَّ كِتَابَ الْأَبْرَارِ لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ
18 No! Indeed, the record of the righteous is in ‘illiyyun.
١٩ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا عِلِّيُّونَ
19 And what can make you know what is ‘illiyyun?
٢٠ كِتَابٌ مَرْقُومٌ
20 It is [their destination recorded in] a register inscribed
٢٧ وَمِزَاجُهُ مِنْ تَسْنِيمٍ
27 And its mixture is of Tasneem,
٢٨ عَيْنًا يَشْرَبُ بِهَا الْمُقَرَّبُونَ
28 A spring from which those near [to Allah] drink.
SUMMARY OF TOPICS
1-6(Woe To Defrauders, God Gives Them Warning Of The Last Day), 7-9(Record Of Wrongdoers Will Be In Sijjin: A Register Inscribed.), 11-15(Deniers Who deny the Day of Recompense: Will Be Parted From Sight Of Allah), 18-21 (Records Of Righteous Will Be In Illiyin, A Record Inscribed And Witnessed By Those Nearest/& Noble), 22-28(Description Of Paradise: Righteous will be On Adorned Couches, Will be Given A Drink With Seal Of Musk, Mixed With Water Of Tasneem: A spring from which those near [to Allah] drink) 29-36(In The World Disbelievers Laugh At The Believers But Today They Will Be Laughed At).
SURAH MUTAFFIFIN BRIEF COMMENTARY & BACKGROUND
This Surah has 36 verses. It takes its name from verse 1: ” وَيْلٌ لِلْمُطَفِّفِينَ” (Woe to those who give less [than due],) where the word “المطففين” meaning “The Defrauders” appears. This Surah was revealed in Mecca most probably during the early days of Muhammad’s proclamation of his Prophethood. There is some difference of opinion between commentators of Quran as some consider it as a Madni Surah, the basis of which is the below mentioned Hadith narrated from Ibn Abbas:
Nasai and Ibn Majah both recorded from Ibn Abbas that he said, “When we came to Madina, the people of Madina were the most terrible people in giving measurement (i.e., they used to cheat). Thus, God revealed,
وَيۡلٌ۬ لِّلۡمُطَفِّفِينَ Woe to Al Mutaffifin.) After that, they started giving good measure.
Like the previous two Surahs, the central theme of this Surah is also Hereafter. It says that unless man does not realize that there is another life where he has to give accounts of his deeds, he would not be vigilant and righteous in his affairs.
Narrated by Abdullah bin Masud, the Prophet used to recite two equal Surahs in one rakah; he would recite (for instance) An Naziat in one rakah, Surah Mutaffifin and Surah Abasa in one rakah.
