NAME: الفرقان, Al-Furqan.
Name taken from Verse 1 where there is a mention of “Al-Furqan”.
١ تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ الْفُرْقَانَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ لِيَكُونَ لِلْعَالَمِينَ نَذِيرًا
1 Blessed is He who sent down the Criterion upon His Servant that he may be to the worlds a warner
But It does not mean that this name is the actual topic discussed in the whole Surah. It is just a reference and mark/symbol to distinguish this Surah from others as is with most other Surahs of Quran. While there are diversified topics discussed in these Surahs.
ENGLISH NAME: The Criterion.
CHAPTER NUMBER: 25
SURAH FURQAN TOTAL VERSES: 77
SURAH FURQAN TOTAL WORDS: 896
TOTAL UNIQUE WORDS WITHOUT REPETITION: 574
TOTAL LETTERS: 3,878
REVELATION PERIOD:
Meccan, Approx. 615 – 619 AD.
MAIN CHARACTERS:
God, Prophet Muhammad, Disbelievers, Prophet Moses, Nuh, Ad, Lut, Wrongdoers And Righteous.
SURAH FURQAN MAIN TOPICS:
Blames On Quran, Last Day False Deities Deny Any Claim Of Divinity, Two Seas One Salty One Sweet, Traits Of Wrongdoers And Righteous.
SURAH FURQAN KEY VERSES:
٤ وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا إِفْكٌ افْتَرَاهُ وَأَعَانَهُ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمٌ آخَرُونَ ۖ فَقَدْ جَاءُوا ظُلْمًا وَزُورًا
4 And those who disbelieve say, “This [Qur’an] is not except a falsehood he invented, and another people assisted him in it.” But they have committed an injustice and a lie.
٥ وَقَالُوا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ اكْتَتَبَهَا فَهِيَ تُمْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا
5 And they say, “Legends of the former peoples which he has written down, and they are dictated to him morning and afternoon.”
٢٥ وَيَوْمَ تَشَقَّقُ السَّمَاءُ بِالْغَمَامِ وَنُزِّلَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَنْزِيلًا
25 And [mention] the Day when the heaven will split open with [emerging] clouds, and the angels will be sent down in successive descent.
٤٥ أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ كَيْفَ مَدَّ الظِّلَّ وَلَوْ شَاءَ لَجَعَلَهُ سَاكِنًا ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَا الشَّمْسَ عَلَيْهِ دَلِيلًا
45 Have you not considered your Lord – how He extends the shadow, and if He willed, He could have made it stationary? Then We made the sun for it an indication.
٥٣ وَهُوَ الَّذِي مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هَٰذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَهَٰذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخًا وَحِجْرًا مَحْجُورًا
53 And it is He who has released [simultaneously] the two seas, one fresh and sweet and one salty and bitter, and He placed between them a barrier and prohibiting partition.
٥٩ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ ۚ الرَّحْمَٰنُ فَاسْأَلْ بِهِ خَبِيرًا
59 He who created the heavens and the earth and what is between them in six days and then established Himself above the Throne – the Most Merciful, so ask about Him one well informed.
٦٠ وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمُ اسْجُدُوا لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ قَالُوا وَمَا الرَّحْمَٰنُ أَنَسْجُدُ لِمَا تَأْمُرُنَا وَزَادَهُمْ نُفُورًا ۩
60 And when it is said to them, “Prostrate to the Most Merciful,” they say, “And what is the Most Merciful? Should we prostrate to that which you order us?” And it increases them in aversion.
٦١ تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي السَّمَاءِ بُرُوجًا وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا سِرَاجًا وَقَمَرًا مُنِيرًا
61 Blessed is He who has placed in the sky great stars and placed therein a [burning] lamp and luminous moon.
SUMMARY OF TOPICS
1(Quran, Furqan, The Criterion To Distinguish Right From Wrong), 4-9(Blames On Quran: Falsehood Invented, Legends Of The Past. Blames On Prophet Some Person Teaches Him, Are Dictated To Him Morning And Afternoon, He Eat, Drink And Walk, Why Was There Not Sent Down To Him An Angel), 12-14(Noise Of Hell), 17-20(Last Day False Deities Deny Any Claim Of Divinity And Hold People Responsible For Their Shirk), 21-26(Dooms Day, God Will Make Their Acts/Deeds Dust Dispersing Verse23), 32-34(Logic/Wisdom Of Revelation Of Quran In Intervals), 35-40(Prophet Moses, Nuh, Ad, Lut), 45-46(Shadow Cause Effect. God Could Have Made The Shadows Stationary), 53(Two Seas One Salty One Sweet), 59-60(Creation In 6Days And Then Established Himself Above The Throne. His Name Is Rahman Ask Those Who Are Informed), 61(Sun A Lamp, Moon A Light), 66-77(Traits Of Wrongdoers And Righteous, Do Not Believe Like Deaf And Blinds)
SURAH FURQAN BRIEF COMMENTARY & BACK GROUND
This Surah has 77 verses divided into 6 Rukus/Sections. This Surah was revealed in Mecca. Revelation period is almost the same as that of Surah Muminoon at a time when there was the peak of a famine in the region. The intense friction had begun between Prophet Muhammad and the disbelievers, though persecution had not yet started.
The Surah takes its name from verse 1 “Al-Furqan” which means “The Criterion” showing that the purpose of every divine revelation is to provide a criterion of true and false and answers the blames of the nonbelievers against Quran and the teachings and prophethood of Prophet Muhammad. Traits Of Wrongdoers And Righteous were explained in detail, and the moral superiority of the Believers has been explained.
The Messenger of God (PBUH) said: One who recites this Surah, Allah will raise him on the Day of Judgment as one who has the belief that the hour is inevitable and there is no doubt in it; he will enter Paradise without accounting.
The Holy Prophet (S) has said that a person who recites this Surah will be taken to Jannah without questioning, provided he believes in the Day of Judgement and the Raising of the Dead (from the graves).
